| ||||||||||
|
28 August 2015
Disaster Workshop set for September in Virgin Islands
26 August 2015
Curacao - Commemoration Slave Revolt And The Leader Tula
WILLEMSTAD – A slave revolt took place in Curaçao on August 17, 1795 led by Tula, a local slave, and resulted in a month-long conflict on the island between escapees and the colonial government. This revolt was commemorated yesterday at the slave monument at Rif.
The western side of the island called Bandabou had between 4,000 and 5,000 inhabitants in 1795, mostly enslaved.
The slave Tula had been preparing the insurrection for some weeks. On the morning of August 17, 1795, at the Knip plantation of slave master Caspar Lodewijk van Uytrecht, Tula led an uprising of 40 to 50 people. The enslaved met on the square of the plantation and informed van Uytrecht they would no longer be his slaves. He told them to present their complaints to the lieutenant governor at Fort Amsterdam. They left and went from Knip to Lagun, where they freed 22 slaves from jail.
From Lagun, the liberators went to the sugar plantation of Santa Cruz, where they were joined by more rebels under Bastian Karpata. Tula then led the liberated people from farm to farm, freeing more people.
The slave owners had now retreated to the city, leaving their plantations unprotected. At the same time, a confederate French slave, Louis Mercier, led another group of freed slaves to Santa Cruz, where he took the commandant, van der Grijp, and ten of his mixed race soldiers as prisoners. Mercier also attacked Knip, where he freed more slaves and took some weapons. He then rejoined Tula, locating him by following the trail of destruction Tula had left behind.
The rebels began a guerrilla campaign, poisoning wells and stealing food. On September 19, Tula and Karpata were betrayed by a slave. They were taken prisoner, and the war was effectively over. (Louis Mercier had already been caught at Knip.) After Tula was captured, he was publicly tortured to death on October 3, 1795, almost seven weeks after the revolt began. Karpata, Louis Mercier and Pedro Wakao were also executed. In addition, many slaves had been massacred in the earlier repression. After the revolt had been crushed the white Curaçao government formulated rules that provided some rights to slaves on the island.
August 17 is celebrated each year to commemorate the beginning of the liberation struggle. When the race based system of slavery was finally abolished on the island in 1863, there were fewer than 7,000 slaves.
The commemoration took place at the monument dedicated to Tula and the rebels. This monument is located near the Holiday Beach Hotel. It is the site where Tula was executed.
25 August 2015
Nuclear Zero Lawsuit by Marshall Islands Appealed to Higher Court
James Ayers
esmond Tutu states lawsuit “good for humanity,” and all U.S. mayors agree in Resolution to back the nuclear disarmament lawsuit
An interview with David Krieger, President of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation (Santa Barbara, California), and Consultant to the Marshall Islands
Q: The “Nuclear Zero” lawsuit filed by the Republic of Marshall Islands (RMI) against the nine nuclear nations to adhere to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) was denied in February by Judge Jeffrey White in U.S. Federal District Court (SF). RMI Foreign Minister Tony de Blum wants the U.S. and other nuclear nations to negotiate in good faith for nuclear disarmament, so why did this lawsuit get denied, and is the Appeal brief filed on July 13th an indication of ‘no backing down’ by the Marshall Islands?
Krieger: The lawsuit against the United States in U.S. Federal District Court was denied on jurisdictional grounds, having to do with standing and the political question doctrine. The Marshall Islands and its legal team believe the judgment was in error, and the ruling was appealed to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (SF) on July 13th.
Q: Judge Jeffrey White’s decision noted that the Non-Proliferation Treaty’s fundamental purpose is to slow the spread of nuclear weapons, and to bar the non-nuclear countries from acquiring nuclear weapons. However, the Marshall Islands lawsuit focuses on the continuing breach of the treaty’s nuclear disarmament obligations. Do you think the judge’s decision to dismiss this case was based on a fundamental difference in the interpretation of the NPT’s core purpose? Do you think the number of groups filing Amicus Briefs with the Appeal [in support of the Marshall Islands] indicates that total nuclear disarmament should be seriously addressed, instead of just modernizing the arsenals?
Krieger: The judge was not correct in focusing only on the treaty’s provisions for preventing the spread of nuclear weapons. A critical element of the Non-Proliferation Treaty is Article VI, which calls for negotiating an end to the nuclear arms race at an early date, and achieving nuclear disarmament through good faith negotiations. The judge omitted from his decision reference to the importance of the nuclear disarmament provisions of the NPT. Many parties to the NPT consider the nuclear disarmament obligations to be the most important obligations of the treaty, and certainly a tradeoff for preventing proliferation to other nations. The goal of the treaty is to obtain a world with zero nuclear weapons – no proliferation of nuclear weapons, and good faith negotiations for nuclear disarmament by the countries that already have nuclear weapons.
Q: The Nuclear Zero lawsuit's Appeal Brief was officially filed on July 13, in the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (SF). Secretary of State John Kerry was also trying to wrap up a nuclear agreement with Iran on that day. What do you think of the U.S. establishing a new nuclear agreement with Iran, when the Marshall Islands Nuclear Zero lawsuits assert they [and other nuclear nations] haven’t lived up to the former international treaty agreements of the Non-Proliferation Treaty?
Krieger: It is a coincidence that the Marshall Islands filed their Appeal Brief in the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals on the day on which Secretary of State Kerry was trying to finalize the agreement with Iran. The U.S. and the other countries in the P5+1 have worked hard trying to obtain a meaningful agreement with Iran to keep it from becoming a nuclear-armed country. The U.S. and other members of the P5 are all working on modernizing their nuclear arsenals, however, and this is a violation of Article VI of the Non-Proliferation Treaty. They must also be held to account for the breaches of their obligations, and this is what the courageous Marshall Islands seeks to do with its lawsuits. South African Nobel Peace laureate Desmond Tutu stated “The United States’ breach of the NPT Article VI has serious consequences for humankind and the Marshall Islands appeal is of critical importance.”
Q: The Nuclear Zero lawsuits by the Marshall Islands were also filed at the International Court of Justice (ICJ). However, the U.S. has rejected the compulsory jurisdiction of the ICJ, and considers any judgments of that court to not be binding on the U.S. Considering this dilemma, what would a victory at this international court bring in the long run?
Krieger: The Marshall Islands also brought the Nuclear Zero lawsuits against all nine nuclear-armed nations to the International Court of Justice. However, the way the ICJ works is that only the countries who accept the compulsory jurisdiction of the court can be held into the lawsuits. Among the nine nuclear armed countries, only India, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom accept the court’s compulsory jurisdiction. The other six countries, including the U.S., do not accept the court’s compulsory jurisdiction, and can only be invited to join the case. None of these six have joined thus far. The legal system at the international level is equivalent to a situation where someone is injured by corporate misconduct, and the injured party would have to invite the defendant to court, rather than there being compulsory jurisdiction to assure the defendant does not have a choice about showing up in court.
That is an important reason why a separate case was initially brought against the U.S. in U.S. Federal District Court (SF). If the U.S. can’t be held to account for its treaty obligations at the International Court of Justice, and it also can’t be held to account in its own federal courts, then how can any country have confidence in entering into treaty obligations with the U.S.?
The Marshall Islands can still prevail in their cases at ICJ against India, Pakistan, and the U.K., since these three countries have compulsory jurisdiction. Should the Marshall Islands win its case against the U.K., it would have important implications for the other four nuclear-armed countries that are parties to the NPT. If the international court declares that the U.K. is not in accord with its obligations under the treaty, then that would reflect on the similar obligations owed by the U.S., Russia, France, and China.
But a victory in these cases will be won not only in the courtroom, but in the court of public opinion. People everywhere need to understand that the nine nuclear-armed countries are not fulfilling their obligations to end the nuclear arms race, and to achieve nuclear disarmament. Quite the opposite, they are engaged in modernizing and improving their nuclear arsenals. The people of the world have to say to their leaders, “Enough is enough.” If we want to have a human future, we need to stop playing nuclear roulette.
Q: The recent Obama administration proposal for approximately $1.1 trillion for modernizing the U.S. nuclear arsenal (weapons, submarines, bombers, ICBMs, and the infrastructure of the nuclear weapons complex) does not align with compliance with the Non-Proliferation Treaty, even with the reductions in the number of nuclear weapons under the New START Treaty. Do you think the world is more at risk of a nuclear war with nuclear nations modernizing their arsenals, even with fewer weapons overall?
Krieger: Modernizing nuclear arsenals does not align at all with international legal obligations under the NPT and customary international law. It demonstrates that the most powerful countries in the world are continuing to rely on their nuclear arsenals, and to improve them despite their obligations under international law. This is a recipe for further nuclear proliferation, and puts the world at greater risk of nuclear accidents, nuclear miscalculations, and nuclear war.
A great danger of modernization is that the weapons will be perceived by their possessors as being more accurate, and therefore, more usable. They want to reduce the numbers but increase the usability of the weapons. Because the world previously went to the insane number of 70,000 nuclear weapons doesn’t mean that having only 16,000 in the world now makes us substantially safer. We’re playing a very dangerous game with nuclear weapons, and the use of even a dozen or so nuclear weapons could destroy the U.S. as a functioning country. The use of only a few hundred nuclear weapons could leave civilization in shambles.
I consider the current approach of the U.S. and the other nuclear weapon states to modernizing their nuclear arsenals to being akin to playing nuclear roulette. It is like metaphorically loading nuclear weapons into the chambers of a six-shooter, and pointing the gun at humanity’s head.
Q: The Non-Proliferation Treaty was signed in 1968 and entered into force in 1970, and yet there have been no multilateral negotiations to eliminate all nuclear weapons in the 45-year history of that treaty. The Marshall Islands’ lawsuits highlight that there are over 16,000 nuclear weapons still remaining in the world, with approximately 2000 nuclear weapons on high alert status. The lawsuits assert that immediate negotiations for disarmament are required, and that the nuclear nations have failed in these obligations. What do you think about issues of terrorism, national security, and foreign affairs affecting U.S. decisions about nuclear disarmament?
Krieger: The legal obligation of the parties to the Non-Proliferation Treaty, including the U.S., is to engage in good faith negotiations for an end to the nuclear arms race and for nuclear disarmament. If the U.S. were doing this and achieving success in eliminating nuclear weapons, the threat of nuclear terrorism would be substantially reduced, if not eliminated. Further, it is in the national security interest of the U.S. to achieve the global elimination of nuclear weapons, because it is the one type of weapon that no country, including the U.S., can protect itself against. In terms of U.S. foreign relations, the U.S. should adhere to its legal obligations, including its nuclear disarmament obligations under the NPT.
Q: President Obama signed the New START Treaty with Russia in 2010 (it entered into force on February 5, 2011), and soon after the President was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his stance on nuclear disarmament. Critics argue that it was only a treaty on strategic arms reductions, and the New START Treaty did not engage in negotiating disarmament of the nuclear arsenals. Do you think the New START Treaty is an example of NPT’s mandate for nuclear nations to “negotiate in good faith?”
Krieger: The New START Treaty is a step in the right direction, if it is followed by other significant steps. However, the Non-Proliferation Treaty calls for nuclear disarmament rather than arms reduction only. The New START Treaty is an arms reduction treaty, not a nuclear arms elimination treaty. The U.S. seems to believe in a step by step approach to nuclear disarmament, but many see this as a means of putting off nuclear disarmament indefinitely.
At the end of April 2015, the parties to the NPT met at the U.N. for their ninth 5-year review conference of the treaty. It seems clear from previous international meetings in Oslo, Norway (2013), in Nayarit, Mexico (2104), and recently in Austria at the Vienna Conference on the Humanitarian Impacts of Nuclear Weapons, that most countries in the world are not satisfied with the progress that has been made toward nuclear disarmament, especially given the terrible humanitarian consequences of nuclear weapons use. These countries pay close attention to whether the U.S. and the other nuclear weapons states who are parties to the NPT are taking their nuclear disarmament obligations under the NPT seriously.
Q: Marshall Island foreign minister Tony De Blum has argued that he is taking international action because his population of 70,000 islanders has greatly suffered from the effects of 67 major nuclear tests by the U.S. in the past, and now the atolls are also threatened by rising sea levels. The lawsuits don’t seek redress for their suffering. Instead, they emphasize their radioactive contamination to prevent future suffering in the world, to remove this threat from the world. Is the debate of climate change tied to nuclear issues a legitimate concern for the survival of humanity?
Krieger: Nuclear devastation and climate change are the two most significant global survival issues confronting humanity. The Marshall Islands are at the forefront of seeking solutions to both issues. It is a small but bold and courageous country. We should all be thankful to the Marshall Islands for being willing to speak out on these issues and take the legal actions that it has. Climate change is predicated on global warming taking place, and even a relatively small nuclear war could send the world plummeting into a new Ice Age. In a war between India and Pakistan, if each country used 50 Hiroshima-size nuclear warheads on the other side’s cities, it could result in crop failures leading to the deaths of approximately 2 billion people due to nuclear famine.
Q: The U.S. Conference of Mayors also adopted a major resolution backing the Marshall Islands in their Nuclear Zero lawsuit, and several of the mayors also filed an Amicus Brief to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in support of the appeal. The mayors’ resolution states that the U.S. and eight other nuclear nations are “investing an estimated $100 billion annually to maintain and modernize their nuclear arsenals while actively planning to deploy nuclear weapons for the foreseeable future.” The mayors are calling on the President and Congress to “reduce nuclear weaponry spending to the minimum necessary to assure safety and security of the existing weapons as they await dismantlement.” Do you think this is a bold move by the mayors of our nation to want Congress to redirect military spending to domestic needs?
Krieger: It is actually a very smart and sensible move by the U.S. Conference of Mayors. Our cities need resources for infrastructure and the wellbeing of our citizens. It makes great sense to redirect the planned trillion dollar expenditure on nuclear weapons to improving our infrastructure and helping improve our housing, our healthcare system, and the education of our children. The federal government would do well to listen to the demands of the mayors of our cities, rather than waste our resources on unusable weapons of mass annihilation. It was extraordinary that the mayors stood up for the Marshall Islands lawsuit and backed them in their Resolution.
It is extremely reaffirming that the U.S. Conference of Mayors supports these lawsuits. Their resolution reflects an understanding that every city in the world is a potential target for the devastation that would be wrought by the use of nuclear weapons.
Q: What other support have the Marshall Islanders received tied to these lawsuits?
Krieger: It has been heartening to see how much support the Marshall Islands have received. In addition to the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the Marshall Islands lawsuits have been supported by major civil organizations, including Greenpeace International, the International Physicians for Prevention of Nuclear War (including Dr. Helen Caldicott), the World Council of Churches, the International Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms, and the Nobel Women’s organization. It has also received the support of many individual leaders, including Nobel Peace Laureates Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Mairead Maguire, Oscar Arias, Jody Williams, and Shirin Ebadi. More than five million people have also signed a petition in support of the Nuclear Zero lawsuits filed by the Marshall Islands.
23 August 2015
¿Está Puerto Rico en una situación pre-revolucionaria?
| Por Angel Israel Rivera Especial por CLARIDAD
Las realidades vitales de nuestro país y el deterioro en las relaciones con la metrópoli sugieren que sí. No pasamos, sin embargo, de la situación “pre-revolucionaria” o “preparatoria a cambios fundamentales” al logro de tales cambios, por causas y factores muy importantes que necesitan analizarse y explicarse con claridad.
Diversos observadores y teóricos de las situaciones revolucionarias, en
diferentes experiencias de la humanidad, han concluido que existe una situación
pre-revolucionaria cuando las clases sociales y sectores ciudadanos
beneficiarios del régimen existente empiezan a no poder serlo, como antes.
Cuando, sobre todo las clases medias, han tenido logros socioeconómicos
importantes pero comienzan a perderlos. La pérdida de lo que antes se tuvo de
progreso, más que la pobreza y ausencia total del mismo, es lo que conduce a
movimientos certeros y exitosos hacia cambios fundamentales en la vida política,
económica y social de las sociedades.
|
Empobrecimiento general
Una mirada a lo que ha acontecido en Puerto Rico durante todos estos años de
recesión económica y crisis fiscal demuestra que, según todas las clases
sociales mejoraron sensiblemente su situación económico-social en los tiempos de
bonanza en la economía del Puerto Rico territorial (1950-1970), ahora casi todos
los sectores van perdiendo posiciones ganadas, la clase media se achica y se
halla en riesgo de deslizarse hacia abajo en la escala económico social y en su
calidad de vida, y la situación general del País es de incertidumbre. Esto se
suma a los miles de puertorriqueños, de diversas clases sociales, que han
perdido millones en sus inversiones fracasadas a causa de la crisis o que han
perdido su casa propia, hasta sus hogares, a consecuencias de la debacle
económica que vive el País. Son condiciones, todas ellas, de las cuales suelen
surgir situaciones pre-revolucionarias y grandes cambios.
¡Tío Sam no te quiere!
Las relaciones con la metrópoli, que en otros tiempos lucían favorables a la
mayoría de los sectores del País, de algún modo, a pesar de la condición
territorial, se han tornado ahora muy negativas. Repasemos: Estados Unidos se
niega a rescatar la economía de nuestro gobierno de la crisis fiscal a pesar de
que la responsabilidad por la tal crisis es tanto de ellos como nuestra.
Primeramente, porque las condiciones territoriales dificultan que nuestro
gobierno pueda estimular la economía puertorriqueña en tiempos de la
globalización y ellos no hacen nada para modificarlas; segundo, porque los
tratados de libre comercio de la propia metrópoli con otros países han echado al
piso nuestra anterior posición de privilegio y competitividad en el mercado
estadounidense, y tampoco se ha diseñado algo para enfrentar eso; tercero,
porque EEUU eliminó la 936 y otros tratos contributivos que antes beneficiaron
la economía puertorriqueña y se niega a aprobar otros nuevos; cuarto, porque los
programas federales para los pobres van a la baja. Ya hemos visto los datos de
cómo pagamos igual para el Medicare, pero recibimos menos que los estados. Y los
fondos del PAN y otras ayudas se han puesto más restrictivos. Quinto, y más
grave, porque la metrópoli sólo nos sirve indiferencia y realimentaciones
negativas.
Nos culpan sólo a nosotros de la crisis fiscal, cuando ellos también tienen
responsabilidad. Recientemente Bloomberg citó datos que demuestran que bancos
importantes controlados por el gran capital estadounidense e internacional, como
UBS, Citigroup y Goldman Sachs, mediante sus operaciones en nuestro país, se
llevaron de Puerto Rico tanto como $900 millones tan sólo en cobros
(fees) por el “servicio” de manejar una nueva deuda de 126.6 millardos
(billions) desde el año 2000 hasta hoy, deuda en la cual incurrió el
gobierno de Puerto Rico ya excesivamente endeudado. Para lucrarse ellos,
promovieron mayores deudas de nuestro gobierno interno en contubernio con una
clase política egoísta que no piensa para nada en bien del País ni en el Pueblo,
sino en sus propios beneficios económicos y políticos.
Y Think Progress ha demostrado con claridad meridiana el daño que les hacen a
nuestro País los fondos buitres con el fin de seguir enriqueciendo billonarios
estadounidenses a la par que se sigue empobreciendo nuestro gobierno y se lanza
a nuestra gente a mayor austeridad y pobreza. Esto es tan indignante para los
observadores decentes, que ThinkProgress ha citado al candidato a la presidencia
de Estados Unidos (Independiente, por Vermont), Bernie Sanders, quien ha
catalogado de “moralmente indignante” (“a moral outrage”) que se trate de
imponer mayor austeridad al Pueblo de un país como Puerto Rico, donde el 56% de
sus niños ya viven bajo el nivel de pobreza. Máxime cuando, como indica Sanders,
todo eso se pretende hacer con el fin de convertir en más ricos todavía a los
billonarios estadounidenses que “invierten” en fondos buitres para prestarlos a
nuestro gobierno interno a precios de usura, como han hecho ya en Grecia,
Argentina y otros países caídos en crisis fiscal.
Como siempre ha ocurrido en la historia de las relaciones coloniales, las
autoridades oficiales de la metrópoli culpan exclusivamente a los habitantes de
la colonia. Lo hizo Inglaterra cuando la situación en la India entró en crisis,
e igualmente lo hizo Francia en Argelia. Los culpables son los habitantes de la
colonia, que ellos, los dominantes, suponen inferiores. No son ellos, que son
ricos y además se autoproclaman “civilizadores”. La situación en las relaciones
entre Estados Unidos y Puerto Rico se agrava para todos por cuanto las
autoridades de la metrópoli reaccionan a todo, no sólo echándonos la culpa como
si ellos fueran observadores inocentes, sino con reiteradas negativas o actos de
desatención e indiferencia ante los reclamos del País. Uno que otro legislador
inconsecuente, que viene a Puerto Rico a buscar dinero para que los incautos y
colonizados boricuas le ayuden a financiar su campaña de re-elección, dice de
labios hacia afuera que el Congreso “debe ayudar más a Puerto Rico” pero, al fin
y a la postre, NO hace nada concreto para lograrlo. Al mismo tiempo, las
acciones y escritos oficiales del Congreso, de la GAO y de otras autoridades
importantes de Estados Unidos están repletas de indiferencia o de un NO rotundo.
No, a eliminar la aplicación de las leyes de cabotaje para
Puerto Rico. No, a aprobar algún rescate o “bail-out” para el
gobierno del País, aunque sí se lo dieron a los bancos de Wall Street.
No, a que podamos tener el derecho a la protección de la ley de
quiebras federal. No, a que podamos hacer nuestra propia ley de
quiebra para nuestras corporaciones públicas.
En lo político: indiferencia y un “no indirecto” al proyecto
de Pierluisi sobre la estadidad federada. La última joya en este aspecto la
trajo el senador Republicano por California, Darrel Issa, quien dijo claramente
que el proyecto de Estadidad para Puerto Rico de Pedro Pierluisi es un “elemento
distractor”. ¿Y por qué es distractor? A buen entendedor con pocas palabras
basta. Es distractor porque es una fantasía, no tiene las más mínimas
probabilidades de ser atendido por el Congreso: no sólo no lo van a aprobar,
sino que ni siquiera lo van a discutir. Por lo tanto, Issa dijo con razón que
dicho proyecto distrae de lo importante: atender la crisis fiscal de Puerto
Rico.
Y el candidato Republicano Jeb Bush, hijo, de quien una vez gritó aquí
falsamente “Estadidad Ahora”, ya les dijo claro a los estadistas: arreglen la
crisis fiscal primero, y luego entonces, planteen la estadidad. Esto ha sido
claramente decirles: olvídense por buen tiempo (para no decirles más
humillantemente que para siempre) del supuesto “proyecto histórico” del PNP. Al
mismo tiempo, las autoridades estadounidenses le han dicho claramente al PPD que
no es constitucional el llamado crecimiento orgánico del Estado Libre Asociado
territorial, con lo cual le entierran también su supuesto “proyecto histórico”,
ése que ha defendido todavía la cúpula que controla dicho partido.
Sin proyecto el bipartidismo tóxico
¿Qué más cantazos y vapuleos de la metrópoli necesita el Pueblo de Puerto
Rico para entrar en una situación pre-revolucionaria y a favor de un cambio
verdaderamente descolonizador? Los dos partidos principales del bipartidismo
tóxico que asfixia al País están sin proyecto histórico viable o creíble. ¿A
causa de quién? De la metrópoli estadounidense que niega ambas cosas: una por
inconstitucional (ELA territorial con más poderes) y la otra por indeseable para
ellos (la estadidad). El grito de que “el ELA debe crecer” dentro del marco
territorial, que lanzó García Padilla el 25 de julio en Sabana Grande, ha
quedado como lo más absurdo y patético que pueda proclamar líder alguno en
Puerto Rico, porque la propia metrópoli ya ha dicho que ese camino está cerrado
por anticonstitucional. El ELA territorial no puede crecer hacia una situación
sin leyes de cabotaje, por ejemplo, porque ya la GAO dijo que eso afectaría
negativamente los intereses de Estados Unidos. En todo lo que se examina o
plantea, los intereses de EEUU valen el 100% y los del Pueblo de Puerto Rico 0%.
¿Alguna semejanza entre eso y los tiempos de la “luna de miel” con el Estado
Libre Asociado territorial en los años 1950 y 1960 del siglo pasado?
Ninguna.
Las relaciones entre Puerto Rico y Estados Unidos han dado un giro de 180
grados por voluntad de la metrópoli. Y el otro reclamo, el de Pierluisi sobre la
estadidad como solución a la crisis fiscal, se ha estrellado igualmente contra
la indiferencia del Congreso, ante el informe económico de la GAO sobre las
inconveniencias de la estadidad y frente al hecho incontestable de que Estados
Unidos no quiere un nuevo estado que esté en las condiciones económicas y
fiscales en las que se encuentra Puerto Rico. Ante todo eso, resulta risible y
ridículo el llamado “Plan Tenesí” de Ricardo Rosselló. Tan humillados han
quedado los estadistas en Puerto Rico que ahora resulta que ellos mismos
explican el Plan Tenesí como algo muy venido a menos, una especie de “Plan
Tenesito Jíbaro y Humillado”. El verdadero Plan Tenesí consistía en elegir
senadores y representantes y mandarlos a Washington a exigir un asiento y la
admisión como estado federado. Ante las negativas e indiferencias de Washington,
los estadistas del PNP ahora explican el “Plan Tenesito Jíbaro y Humillado” como
el de enviar unos cabilderos para mendigar a favor de la estadidad en los
pasillos del Congreso. ¡Pero si eso es lo que ha hecho el PNP toda la vida!
Gastar millones en cabilderos que entretienen a congresistas corruptos o
inmorales que reciben dinero, regalos y prebendas de los dirigentes estadistas
de Puerto Rico, prometen ayuda, y luego la misma se traduce en declaraciones
huecas que NO implican acción pro-activa alguna. ¡A eso han reducido los
dirigentes del PNP el Plan Tenesí! ¿Por qué? Pues porque por fin se dieron
cuenta de que la ley federal no les va a permitir elegir congresistas
puertorriqueños para enviarlos a Washington, porque Puerto Rico, como territorio
no incorporado, no tiene derecho a eso. Operar el Plan Tenesí desde Puerto Rico,
un territorio no incorporado, no sólo es ilegal sino que viola la constitución
de Estados Unidos, la cual sólo concede a los estados federados el derecho a
elegir congresistas.
No les dejarían ni imprimir las papeletas para esa supuesta
elección, como se las hicieron retirar a Pedro Rosselló González cuando intentó
hacer un “simulacro” de voto presidencial en Puerto Rico. Por lo tanto, ante la
imposibilidad de aplicar el verdadero Plan Tenesí, los dirigentes del PNP se
conforman con nombrar a dedo a unos puertorriqueños que se la van a pasar
gastando dinero del País como cabilderos, a ver si logran convencer a algunos
legisladores de que por lo menos le den apoyo de “lip service” a su “ideal” de
estadidad federada. Patético y deleznable, evidentemente. Todo lo que nos llega
de la metrópoli, en lo económico y en lo político en estos tiempos es: No y No y
No.
Con esta realidad, los partidos y sus dirigentes políticos han perdido toda
credibilidad ante la mayoría de los puertorriqueños, que no somos tontos.
Siempre hay fanáticos que les siguen y les vitorean, por las razones que sean,
como la señora de más de 70 años que dijo en Sabana Grande que sería “Popular
hasta la muerte”.
Pero la mayoría de quienes no son fanáticos, piensan con su
cabeza y tienen más de dos dedos de frente, aun entre quienes en el pasado han
sido votantes del PPD o del PNP, hoy tiemblan ante la desesperanza y la
incertidumbre. Muchos todavía prefieren el “flanco de la huida” de una manera u
otra: la huida del proceso electoral sumándose a los abstenidos, la huida frente
a la crisis y baja calidad de vida en el País, yéndose a vivir fuera de Puerto
Rico y la huida de condiciones económicas y políticas duras a base de chupar lo
más que puedan, para ellos y sus familias, de las piltrafas que han quedado de
los recursos de nuestro gobierno interno o de los gobiernos municipales. Con
ello rehúyen, además, de actuar con patriotismo: se salvan ellos, aunque el País
se hunda en la miseria. No les importa un pepino el País. Se reparten contratos
en la CEE para beneficiarse personalmente, incluso si eso significa que ese
mismo gobierno, esa misma estructura gubernamental, deja sin desayuno a miles de
niños puertorriqueños con la excusa de que no hay agua en las escuelas.
Con lo dicho, ya vamos atisbando algunas de las razones por las cuales la
situación en Puerto Rico, en el plano político, no se acaba de mover hacia un
cambio profundo. Todo se deteriora en nuestra institucionalidad: los partidos,
el gobierno y la administración pública, la supuesta democracia, las relaciones
con Estados Unidos, las infraestructuras físicas, los centros comerciales que
cierran tiendas todos los días, la capacidad del gobierno para atender las
necesidades de sus ciudadanos más vulnerables, etc. No obstante, el País está en
una situación de inmovilismo donde el viejo sistema económico, político y social
se deteriora y se desgrana poco a poco, pero no acaba de morir, y lo nuevo, el
País del futuro, no acaba de nacer. Por qué estamos en esa situación es algo que
amerita un análisis sistemático y a fondo. A eso precisamente dedicaré mi
próxima contribución a CLARIDAD: ¿Qué factores explican que no entremos
plenamente en una situación pre-revolucionaria que nos dirija al cambio? ¿Qué
fuerzas internas y externas nos mantienen a la deriva y sin norte? ¿Cuáles
pueden ser algunas de las vías al alcance de nosotros, los ciudadanos
constructivos que realmente amamos el País, para enfrentar esas fuerzas,
debilitarlas y hacer posible el cambio hacia un proceso liberador,
descolonizador y constructivo?
* El autor es Profesor de Ciencia Política en la Facultad de Ciencias
Sociales del Recinto de Río Piedras de la Universidad de Puerto Rico.
angeisra@hotmail.com.
22 August 2015
Bonaire demonstration for referendum gains political support
Bonaire Reporter
The “Occupy Bonaire” action came to an end last Friday morning following 222 days of very visible action to request a new referendum to re-evaluate the constitutional status of the island of Bonaire.
James Finies’ NKBB- Nos Ke Boneiru Bek- group set themselves up in front of the government offices last year with posters in three languages to inform locals and tourists of their viewpoint. Last week the new Bonaire government very publically agreed with NKBB in a small ceremony at the protest site.
The governor and two commissioners shook hands with Finies who commented, “The people want to have a referendum on the governing status of Bonaire so the people will have a referendum. My gratitude and appreciation goes to the wise patience and tolerance of the Governor and the practical wisdom of the members of the coalition for listening to the representatives of a majority of the locals and population of Bonaire.”
20 August 2015
Pacific Community supports Northern Mariana Islands with post-typhoon Soudelor public health surveillance
The Northern Mariana Islands, along with the other U.S. dependencies of Guam and American Samoa enjoy membership in the Pacific Community.
Following a request from the Commonwealth Healthcare Corporation for additional expertise in the wake of typhoon Soudelor, the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) has sent a senior epidemiologist to Saipan to assist with public health surveillance.
SPC epidemiologist, Dr Paul White, has arrived in Saipan from SPC headquarters in Noumea and will work closely with the Commonwealth Health Authorities and partners from the US Centre for Disease Control and Prevention over the next two weeks.
“We’re very pleased to provide epidemiology support to our colleagues in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands to ensure public health security in the aftermath of the devastating typhoon Soudelor,” SPC Director-General, Dr Colin Tukuitonga, said.
“In post-disaster situations, SPC is able to provide specialised support and services to Pacific Community members based on their specific needs,” he said.
Rated by the Joint Typhoon Warning Centre as a category two when it devastated parts of the Northern Mariana Islands, typhoon Soudelor intensified early last week to a maximum category five before reaching Taiwan and China.
Dr White will assist with setting-up post-disaster surveillance systems in designated areas, such as temporary shelters for displaced people.
He will also provide assistance with the collection, analysis and dissemination of real-time health data and timely response to potential disease outbreaks.
SPC’s Public Health Division provided similar practical support to the Government of Vanuatu following tropical cyclone Pam earlier this year. Dr White was part of the team deployed to Tanna Island, Vanuatu.
19 August 2015
Puerto Rico’s Economic "Death Spiral" Tied to Legacy of Colonialism: Juan González
The White House has rejected a bailout package for Puerto Rico days after the U.S. territory failed to pay a small portion of the massive $72 billion it owes to bondholders. It was the biggest municipal bond default in U.S. history. Unlike U.S. states and municipalities, Puerto Rico cannot declare bankruptcy. Juan González discusses how the roots of the crisis are deeply tied to Puerto Rico’s colonial status.
TRANSCRIPT
This is a rush transcript. Copy may not be in its final form.
AMY GOODMAN: Juan, you just wrote a piece in the New York Daily News today called "Puerto Rico’s Economic 'Death Spiral.'" Explain what’s happening.
JUAN GONZÁLEZ: Well, there was news again this week that Puerto Rico missed a bond payment, its first, $58 million in one of the bonds that it owes in the $72 billion debt load that it has. Of course, there was not much news that it did pay about $500 million in other bond payments that were due. But this is technically the first default in what is expected to be a string of defaults over the next several months, because the reality is, the island of Puerto Rico, the government, cannot pay the amount of debt it has. This year alone, Puerto Rico has to pay about $3 billion in debt service. That’s about 17 percent of its entire revenues of the government. Next year it’s going to go up to 20 percent of its entire revenues. If you were an individual and you had that much credit card debt, you couldn’t meet all your bills. If you were a corporation facing that amount of debt service, you would probably have to declare bankruptcy, a reorganization, then try to restructure your debts. But the problem is, Puerto Rico can’t do that. And it’s amazing to me how so many journalists are reporting this reality that unlike states in the United States, Puerto Rico does not have the ability to have its municipalities or its public corporations reorganize under bankruptcy protection, but no one questions why this is so. They just say it’s an anomaly.
And one of the points I tried to make in a column today, that this is part of a 117-year relationship of colonialism. This is part of the colonial status of Puerto Rico. Even the Marxist historian Richard Wolff this week claimed that Puerto Rico was a semi-colony. No, Puerto Rico is not a semi-colony; Puerto Rico is a colony of the United States. And I pointed to the decisions of the Supreme Court that ratified this colonial situation. It’s called—a bunch of decisions that were rendered in the early 1900s, called the Insular Cases, when Puerto Rico had just been acquired after the Spanish-American War. And in a five-four decision back then, the same five judges, by the way, that decided Plessy v. Ferguson, the separate but equal situation, that same five-judge conservative majority back at the turn of the century said in their decision—it was called Downes v. Bidwell—"the island of Puerto Rico is a territory appurtenant and belonging to the United States, but not part of the United States within the revenue clauses of the Constitution," basically saying that the Constitution only applied in Puerto Rico those portions that Congress decided, deemed necessary to apply. So the problem for Puerto Rico has been for 117 years that all major decisions about the island are made by Congress, not by the elected officials of Puerto Rico themselves.
And you’ve had numerous examples. One example I gave—people forget—about the current crisis really originated with Bill Clinton. In 1996, Bill Clinton was attempting to get a new federal minimum wage passed. Newt Gingrich and the Republicans in Congress were resisting it, so Clinton cut a deal with the Republicans: Congress would raise the federal minimum wage but would provide billions of dollars in tax benefits to small businesses. Where would they get the money for that? Clinton agreed to do away with a special tax exemption that corporations in Puerto Rico had that was worth billions of dollars. And as a result of that—and it was to be phased in over 10 years, between 1996 and 2006. So over those 10 years, that special tax exemption was lost, taken away by Congress, and thousands of jobs left the island, as pharmaceutical companies, electrical—medical equipment companies, chemical firms decided it was no longer profitable for them, so they left the island. The best-paying jobs were lost. And Puerto Rico has been basically in economic contraction since 2000, for the last 10 years. So you have the reality of the decision that was made in Congress that began setting the basis for what’s happening in Puerto Rico now.
And so now, once again, Puerto Rico is having to go to Congress, asking for the right to reorganize, like General Motors did, like Detroit did, like Orange County did, to be able to reorganize under bankruptcy protection, and Congress is resisting. And President Obama, the White House, as you saw, is only paying lip service, is not really fighting over this issue. So, it remains to be seen how it will be resolved. But the reality is that the—all of this is rooted in the fact that Puerto Rico remains a colony of the United States, with no voting representation in Congress.
AMY GOODMAN: And how does the debt crisis face the—affect the people of Puerto Rico?
JUAN GONZÁLEZ: Well, it’s unbelievable. I mean, right now you have a situation where just a few weeks ago the government raised the sales tax from 7 percent to 11 percent. It has already effectively eliminated all the defined-benefit pension funds of government workers. Now, between the hedge funds and the economists, the IMFeconomists who are coming in, saying the only way to get out of this is by more austerity, they now want to eliminate protections from overtime. They want to—they want to encourage the island of Puerto Rico now to sell off all of its publicly owned—it’s already sold off its airport, privatized its airport, and some of its toll roads. Now they want it to sell the ports, to sell government buildings, to basically sell any government assets as a means to raise money. They want to reduce Medicaid. They want to lower the minimum wage. They want Congress to lower the minimum wage below that of the federal minimum wage. They want to create an even deeper cut in wages for young people. They basically want the population to bear the brunt of the economic problems of the island.
And I think that what the leaders of Puerto Rico are saying: "Hey, we’re in this together. All of these Wall Street firms kept pedaling loans to us." Just last year, $3.5 billion in new bonds were issued, largely bought up by hedge funds, because Puerto Rico already had junk bond status for its debt, so it couldn’t raise money. So the hedge funds came in, and they said, "We’ll give you $3.5 billion in new loans; however, it comes at an 8 percent interest rate." Now, understand, Puerto Rico is triple tax-exempt for anyone in the United States. That’s the great secret of how people—the finance community has made money off of Puerto Rico. That 8 percent is worth about 12 or 13 percent to—if it’s triple tax-exempt to anybody who invests in those bonds. So they’ve been making a killing, but they specifically said, "Not only do we get first priority—we’re the general obligation bonds. We get first priority for any payments of money that the government gets in. But if there’s a dispute, this dispute will not be heard in Puerto Rican courts, it will be held in New York courts." So they were already preparing for the possibility that the island would default, but they wanted to have the courts on their side.
So you see that this—the hedge funds, especially, are demanding they’re first in line, they want payments. And the government of Puerto Rico is saying, "Look, if we’re going to suffer, if we’re going to make further cuts in Puerto Rico," as they said in Greece, "the bondholders have to suffer, as well. They have to accept losses. They have to restructure the debts." And that’s the problem, is that the Puerto Rico government can’t do that right now, given the reality of its colonial situation. So, we’ll see what happens in the coming months.
18 August 2015
Niue establish Diplomatic Relation with Kosovo
GOVERNMENT OF NIUE OFFICE OF THE PREMIER
PRESS RELEASE
The Government of Niue has established Diplomatic Relations with the Republic of Kosovo (on) 23rd June 2015.
The newly forged relationship is the first Diplomatic Relation Niue has established with a country from the Southeast Europe region. The Republic of Kosovo becomes the 12th country to establish Diplomatic Relations with Niue.
Facts about: The Republic of Kosovo is a state that was established in 2008 in the central Balkan Peninsula. It is bordered by the Republic of Macedonia and Albania to the South, Montenegro to the West and Serbia to the North East.
______________
PREMIERS OFFICE
The Premiers Office holds the Niue Legislative Assembly, Cabinet, Central Agencies, Commercial Agencies and Statutory Boards.
A full description of the divisions under the Premiers Office can be located in the Cabinet Page.
The Niue Legislative Assembly is within the Premiers Office, and
is headed by the Speaker of The House of Assembly. The Niue Public Service has recently made a Transformation, after lengthy
planning and architect of the long standing construction.
The previous structure contained different departments within the Niue Public Service, however the new transformation involves the collective of all departments under 3 Ministries and 2 Agencies.
Ministry of Social Services, Ministry of Natural Resources and Ministry of Infrastructure, Central & Commercial Agencies.
The new structure is designed for efficiency and to expedite delivery of Services.
The Government of Niue continues to encourage the Development of Niue for the Benefit of ALL Niueans in Niue as well as Abroad.
*****
Niue impoverished by global nations
The Premier of Niue says other nations are making it poor by not sharing returns made off of Niue's resources.
US$3.4 billion worth of tuna was caught in the Exclusive Economic Zones of Pacific Countries last year with an additional 400 million dollars worth of tuna estimated to be taken illegally.
Pacific owners receive around 14 per cent of the market value of the resource.
Toke Talagi told the United Nations Security Council Niue is often described as poor despite having plenty of fish and sea-bed minerals.
He says other countries need to rethink their behaviour in the Pacific.
“Give us a fair share if the returns from the fish that you catch in our waters. You need to do that to help us. You need to do that with the minerals that we're looking at at the present moment under the sea. We are not poor, we are rich, but you make us poor, some of you.”
Talagi says true partnerships need to be developed that endorse sustainable harvesting of resources in Niue.
Talagi is in New York for an open debate on the peace and security challenges faced by Small Island Developing States
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)